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Sound Pollution

A Public Health Emergency

Loudest Cities In the World

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What is Sound ?

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Sound:  Air particles that bump into each other creating due to movement. This movement creates sound waves, some of which you hear.

Noise: A sound that is loud or unpleasant, that causes disturbance.

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Humans hear when we receive sound waves into our inner ear. They are perceived by the brain through our hair cells. See the beautiful inner ear below on the Left. When a sound is too loud, these hair cells become damaged(1). (below)

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Sound Is information. We use sound to express feelings with words, song, and music. When a sound communicates danger, our bodies' response is to be alert. It produces a fight or flight response which increases our heart rate and floods the body with adrenaline(2). Today, most people do not need to run away from a predator, but their bodies still prepare for it physiologically when there are loud noises and over time it causes health problems. This hyper state of alert creates chronic stress which affects the heart, lungs, adrenal glands, affects sleep and increases hearing loss(3). These metabolic responses are detrimental to well-being and compound over time.  In today's cities, there is a constant noise from 65-90 Decibels, way above 55 Decibel limit for hearing loss over time(4). These noises are mostly from traffic, motorcycles , transportation, industry, and construction. 

 

 

 

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This

 

is Noise

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Pollution

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and it has serious health consequences. 

Noise affects people of all ages, but especially interferes with children's physical and 

psychological  well-being which affects ability to learn.  Hearing loss in young children has been reported in many large cities(5).

Often times city dwellers grow accustomed to the industrial drone which over time affects chronic stress and hearing loss(6). Motorcycles, saws and sirens can hurt our ears, but the constant hum of a city doesn't feel dangerous, does it?  

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What happens

when cities become quiet?

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References

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1^ Furseth, Jessica. Sound and the City. Curbed.com. Jan 16, 2020.

https://www.curbed.com/2020/1/15/21065962/noise-pollution-sound-cities

 

2^ Henry JP. 1992. Biological basis of the stress response. Integrative Physiological and Behavioral Science 27:66-83

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3^ Babisch, Wolfgang. Transportation Noise and Cardiovascular Risk Review and Synthesis of Epidemiological Studies Dose-effect Curve and Risk Estimation, Dr. Wolfgang Babisch Federal Environmental Agency , http://www.noiseineu.eu/en/2948-a/homeindex/file?objectid=2725&objecttypeid=0

 

4^ Wagner, Kate.City Noise Might Be Making You Sick. The Atlantic, Feb 20, 2018.

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2018/02/city-noise-might-be-making-you-sick/553385/

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5^ 6^ Owen, David. Is Noise Pollution the Nest Big Public Health Crisis? The New Yorker, May 13, 2019. Dept. of Public Health.

https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/05/13/is-noise-pollution-the-next-big-public-health-crisis

 

7^ Weinstein, N. D., Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol. 63, 1978, pp.458-466.**Noise Sensitive (NS) – 67.9, Non-noise Sensitive (NNS) – 39.8.

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7^ Luz, George. Noise Sensitivity Rating of Individuals, Luz Social and Environmental Associates, Baltimore, Maryland. Sound and Vibration, August 2005

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Sound animation : https://www.flippingphysics.com

images: https://www.wbur.org/commonhealth/2018/08/22/harvard-hearing-hair-cells

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